Dumpscan | Tool To Extract And Dump Secrets From Kernel And Windows Minidump Formats

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Dumpscan is a command-line tool designed to extract and dump secrets from kernel and Windows Minidump formats. Kernel-dump parsing is provided by volatility3.

Features

  • x509 Public and Private key (PKCS #8/PKCS #1) parsing
  • SymCrypt parsing
    • Supported structures
      • SYMCRYPT_RSAKEY - Determines if the key structure also has a private key
    • Matching to public certificates found in the same process
    • More SymCrypt structures to come
  • Environment variables
  • Command line arguments

Note: Testing has only been performed on Windows 10 and 11 64-bit hosts and processes. Feel free to file an issue for additional versions. Linux testing TBD.

Installation

As a command-line tool, installation is recommended using pipx. This allows for easy updates and well and ensuring it is installed in its own virtual environment.

pipx install dumpscan
pipx inject dumpscan git+https://github.com/volatilityfoundation/volatility3#39e812a

Usage

 Usage: dumpscan [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

 Scan memory dumps for secrets and keys

╭─ Options ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│                                                                                                  │
│  --help         Show this message and exit.                                                      │
│                                                                                                  │
╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
╭─ Commands ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│                                                                                                  │
│  kernel     Scan kernel dump using volatility                                                    │
│  minidump   Scan a user-mode minidump                                                            │
│                                                                                                  │
╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

In the case for subcommands that extract certificates, you can provide --output/-o <dir> to output any discovered certificates to disk.

Kernel Mode

As mentioned, kernel analysis is performed by Volatility3. cmdline, envar, and pslist are direct calls to the Volatility3 plugins, while symcrypt and x509 are custom plugins.

 Usage: dumpscan kernel [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

 Scan kernel dump using volatility

╭─ Options ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│                                                                                                  │
│  --help         Show this message and exit.                                                      │
│                                                                                                  │
╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
╭─ Commands ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│                                                                                                  │
│  cmdline    List command line for processes (Only for Windows)                                   │
│  envar      List process environment variables (Only for Windows)                                │
│  pslist     List all the processes and their command line arguments                              │
│  symcrypt   Scan a kernel-mode dump for symcrypt objects                                         │
│  x509       Scan a kernel-mode dump for x509 certificates                                        │
│                                                                                                  │
╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

Minidump Mode

Supports Windows Minidump format.

Note: This has only been tested on 64-bit processes on Windows 10+. 32-bit processes requires additional work but isn’t a priority.

 Usage: dumpscan minidump [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...

 Scan a user-mode minidump

╭─ Options ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│                                                                                                  │
│  --help         Show this message and exit.                                                      │
│                                                                                                  │
╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯
╭─ Commands ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╮
│                                                                                                  │
│  cmdline    Dump the command line string                                                         │
│  envar      Dump the environment variables in a minidump                                         │
│  symcrypt   Scan a minidump for symcrypt objects                                                 │
│  x509       Scan a minidump for x509 objects                                                     │
│                                                                                                  │
╰──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────╯

Built With

Acknowledgements

  • Thanks to F-Secure and the physmem2profit project for providing the idea to use construct for parsing minidumps.
  • Thanks to Skelsec and his minidump project which helped me figure out to parse minidumps.

To-Do

  • Verify use against 32-bit minidumps
  • Create a coredump parser for Linux process dumps
  • Verify volatility plugins work against Linux kernel dumps
  • Add an HTML report that shows all plugins
  • Code refactoring to make more extensible
  • MORE SECRETS

GitHub:

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